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Dr. Bruce Ballon |
"The fellowship allowed me to get a strong grounding in addiction
issues in the context of a youth population, with or without concurrent mental health
problems," says Dr. Ballon.
"This has really been an underserviced population. The supports have
been set up for adults. For example, there is no residential or in-patient unit for
youth with addictions. Another major difficulty is how the system often will refer
a youth to get help for an addiction problem before they can receive psychiatric
care, when often the mental health issue is a sustaining factor for why the addiction
problem continues, or even came about in the first place."
Young people have some unique issues. "They're at a specific developmental
stage, dealing with issues of identity, loss, and autonomy" he says. "They
may be living at home, with their parents, or on the street. They may be indulging
in high-risk activities that put their health in jeopardy, be it needle sharing or
unprotected sexual activities."
"You have to connect with where they're at. They're trying to figure
out their own identity. Especially around the age of 18, that's when they can really
get into trouble. They go from the youth system to the adult system. It's quite a
shock. Or they may get lost in the system."
Much of the work during the fellowship was spent creating a program for
helping youth to cope with the transition -- "getting from one system to another."
There may be concurrent problems, involving addiction and mental health.
"We have been trying to take on difficult cases, not only of concurrent depression
and anxiety, but schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as well."
Young people living on the street have special needs. "They may be
trying to figure out where to eat. It is hard to do any mental health or addiction
treatment without providing basic needs and shelter for an individual. Homeless youth
have been shown to have higher rates of addiction and suicidal behavior than the
general population."
The fellowship, created by Mrs. Granovsky Gluskin's philanthropic
initiative, allowed the Centre to improve the way young people are served. Mrs. Gluskin
states that "it was surprising to me that there were no addiction psychiatrists
in Canada, and my husband and I wanted to establish a fellowship to fill that void.
We hope that more psychiatrists will follow Dr. Ballon's lead to serve our youth
-- our future."
"Since the fellowship began, a more concurrent disorder treatment
approach for youth has been established," says Dr. Ballon. "We have formed
alliances with other agencies to create a continuum of care for the population. We
have a day treatment program with a school component. We're hoping next year to add
a day program without a school component for those who are not ready for a structured
environment."
The Ira Gluskin and Maxine Granovsky Gluskin Charitable Foundation has
enabled the creation of a very important legacy: the value of the fellowship will
live on.
"This has laid the groundwork," Ballon says. "Now we're
building up a program and we expect to keep on expanding."
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Adrienne Grant |
The
daughter of successful parents, Adrienne grew up in a loving home with lots of advantages.
At school she was outgoing and popular, earning straight A's, excelling in tennis
and starring in musicals. She went on to complete a Masters degree, marry a man who
is devoted to her, and give birth to a beautiful baby girl. In short, hardly someone
you'd expect to be depressed.
But
clinical depression doesn't work that way. That's why Adrienne is speaking out about
her struggle with the illness.
"I
want to dispel the myth that depression only happens to people living on the streets
or who have very obvious reasons for feeling negative and sad," she says. "I
want to encourage people to share their pain and get help -- people who are privately
struggling with the painful and helpless symptoms of depression."
"I
think a lot of capable people are suffering unnecessarily." They may be reluctant
to get help or even admit they have a problem because they see it as a character
flaw. Her message to them: "It's not your fault. You don't need to be ashamed.
Clinical depression is a biological illness that can't be overcome by hard work and
a positive attitude."
Adrienne's
plight led her parents to make a major contribution to the Centred on Hope campaign
to create the Grant Family Fellowship in Depression Studies. It was then that she
decided to come forward with her story, since she knew how powerful the stigma surrounding
depression can be.
She
recalls going to the doctor with symptoms so severe, "I couldn't get up in the
morning. I felt anxious all the time." She was stunned by the diagnosis -- depression.
"I
remember saying to the doctor, 'No way! I've got a masters degree. I'm high-functioning...There's
no way that I could have depression.'"
Although
she started taking anti-depressants, she kept her illness a secret. "I didn't
want anybody to know. My parents knew, but I wouldn't even tell (the rest of) my
family."
After
the birth of her daughter, she fell into an even deeper depression. "I had an
absolute lack of energy. I was convinced that I was unlikable. I began to question
my ability as a mother, wife, friend and worker. In spite of all the evidence to
the contrary. I didn't want to see anybody or go out or talk to anybody. At the height
of it, I was feeling suicidal."
That's
when Adrienne consulted with a psychiatrist who prescribed a course of anti-depressants.
Adrienne continued to keep her illness under wraps, passing it off as (temporary)
post-partum depression. "I thought people would be more forgiving and less judgmental
with this explanation."
"I
was nervous to tell people that I was suffering from clinical depression. I was afraid
people would be scared to be around me, wouldn't know what to say, wouldn't want
to hang out with me because they would think I'd just be some emotional burden on
them."
After
a few months on a new medication, Adrienne started to improve dramatically. Thinking
she was "cured," she tried taking herself off the medication, only to have
the symptoms return. It was something she'd try several times, clinging to the notion
that depression is a weakness that can conquered by determination. It was only the
counselling of her therapist that convinced her otherwise.
"One
of the things she said to me that was so helpful was, 'If you aren't depressed and
you take one of these medications, there will be no difference. If you take the medication
and you see that things are returning to normal, then clearly you had depression.'"
Adrienne
finally feels comfortable enough to talk about her experiences. She's hoping other
sufferers will get the help they need "to live a life they should be living."
"People should not view me or anyone else differently because we've suffered from depression."
"You
aren't weak if you have to take medication and you shouldn't have to hide. If you
had diabetes, would you stop taking your medication because you think you should
be able to fight it on your own?"
In
July, she gave birth to a baby boy. Describing her life now, she says: "I've
never been calmer or happier."
| Inside Thank you for your support. Mary Deacon, President |
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Sid Kennedy |
The
Grants decided to make the contribution after witnessing their daughter Adrienne's
struggle with the illness. They were also challenged by reading newspaper coverage
surrounding the suicide of Michael Wilson's son Cameron. The Wilson
family have been friends of the Grants for over 40 years.
"The
articles and literature from the Centre claimed that one out of four would be affected
by addiction or mental illness," Grant says. "I thought that might be an
exaggerated claim. Then I sat down with my wife and we actually did list 24 people
we know who had been affected, either themselves or through a close relative. I'd
like to offer some hope to those who think they may be suffering from depression.
It's not a sort of weakness. It's not a character flaw. And it's not something you
can deal with on your own through will power. You have to get help."
Dr.
Kennedy is enthusiastic about the value of the fellowship to research at the Centre
and the University of Toronto. It means not having to rely on external grants, which
may or may not be approved. This will allow the Depression Studies Program to attract
high-calibre candidates wanting to undertake research projects.
"It's
only by having endowed fellowships that people have the confidence to commit to say,
'Next year, I'm going to be a fellow here.' If we can tell them in advance that we
have the funding, then they're prepared to make their career plans based on that."
"The
Grant donation is a very significant amount in that it has allowed an endowed fellowship
to become a reality."
"It's
only through fellowship training that we really build our next generation of academic
psychiatrists, academic scientists in depression and other mental health-related
areas."
Several
areas of research have been targeted. The interests and qualifications of the candidates
will determine which project will proceed first. One of the first priorities is to
look at depression in the workplace.
"We've
targeted over recent years the economic impact of depression, the measurement of
functional impairment in depression and the impact beyond the symptomatic level as
an area of study that we want to build and develop. In partnership with a number
of people in the Health Systems Program, the fellowship would allow us to examine
some cost-related aspects of depression."
A
second priority is to build on the expertise of the CAMH/University of Toronto PET
Centre. PET or Positron Emission Tomography is a type of functional brain imaging
which allows researchers to study actual changes in the "brain at work"
during sadness, fear or during more chronic states of depression, schizophrenia,
etc. Using brain imaging, researchers can study and compare the brains of healthy
volunteers and those suffering mental illness.
"In
healthy patients, when a state of sadness is induced, you can see changes in brain
imaging.
"We
look at how do the brains of people with depression compare to healthy volunteers.
Then, if you treat people with depression, what changes are evident over time?"
The
picture is complicated if medication is present. "What is the effect of the
drug in the brain (versus) what is the effect of not being depressed?"
"In
a new study, we are looking at some of the non-medication treatments -- therapies
like cognitive-behaviour therapy, before treatment/ after treatment. It would look
at the regions of the brain that appear to be part of the depression circuitry and
how do they change?"
One
way to measure changes in brain function is with ligands, chemical substances that
bind to particular receptors that may be linked with depression.
"Ultimately,
brain imaging may help to predict who are at risk of depression even though they
are symptom-free at the time of assessment."
Dr.
Kennedy is hoping to have recruited the first Fellow by January, 2001.
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"It's only through fellowship training that we really build our next generation of academic psychiatrists, academic scientists in depression and other mental health-related areas." -- Dr. Sid Kennedy |
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L-R, Honorary Patron Dr. Vivian Rakoff, Elizabeth Flavelle, David Windeyer from the R. Samuel McLaughlin Foundation, and Diana Tremain. |
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Mary Deacon (left) Foundation President, Galen Weston Jr. representing George Weston Limited, and Daphne Payne, daughter of leadership donor Margaret Botterell. |
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L-R Doug Grant, Gayle Olsson, Ruth Grant, and Michael Wilson. |
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Terry McCool (left), representing lead donor Eli Lilly Canada, and Reay MacKay. |
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Paul Garfinkel (left) and John MacNaughton, leadership donor together with his wife Gail. |
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Chris Wansborough (centre), representing the R. Samuel McLaughlin Foundation, receives his gift from Gayle Olsson (left) and Michael Wilson. |
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L-R, Pamela Fralick, Chair of the Board of Trustees for the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Gord Feeney, Deputy Chairman of Royal Bank, representing the Royal Bank Foundation; Donna Feeney, and Foundation Board Member Linda MacKay. |
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Substance abuse costs the Canadian economy $18 billion annually. |
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This page was last modified on August 20, 2003.